March 4, 1720 - Joshua Gee, Joseph Farmer, William Russell, Thomas Russell, John Ruston, and Stephen Onion found Principio Company; Augustine Washington [father of George Washington] held a one-twelfth interest.

1759 - Dowlais Iron Co. established in Wales; 1767 - John Guest appointed as manager; 1900 - incorporated as Guest, Keen and Co Limited; 1902 - name changed to Guest, Keen & Nettlefolds Ltd.; 1986 - name shortened to GKN PLC.

September 15, 1817 - Isaac Meason opened Plumstock Rolling Mill, first U.S. mill to roll and puddle iron, at Rolling Mill,  at Redstone Creek, PA; reduced the carbon content in cast iron to produce malleable iron; produced wrought iron by roll milling rather than than hammer forging; destroyed by floods in 1824. Meason established the first commercially successful iron furnace and forge west of the Alleghenies in 1791; eventually owned 20,000 acres of land, six iron furnaces, toll ferries and bridges, two sawmills, grist mills, the entire town of New Haven and property in Kentucky.

1828 - Edward Vickers, miller, George Naylor (father-in-law) formed Naylor Vickers and Company, steel foundry, in Sheffield, UK (gained control of steelmaking firm of Naylor & Sanderson); 1867 - incorporated as Vickers, Sons and Co. Ltd.; acquired businesses, diversified; 1868 - manufactured marine shafts; 1872 - cast marine propellers; 1882 - set up forging press; 1888 - produced first armor plate; 1890 - made first artillery piece.

Edward Vickers - Vickers plc (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Colonel-thomas-edward-vickers-1896.jp.jpg)

April 28, 1829 - Henry Robinson Palmer, co-founder of Institute of Civil Engineers in 1818 and resident engineer of London Dock and Harbour Company, received first British patent for "application of metallic plates or sheets, in a fluted, indented, or corrugated form, to the purposes in relation to buildings, for which metallic plates with even or plain surfaces, have been already applied. The advantage to be derived...consists in the additional strength obtained in the metal itself, so that less aid is required from framework supporting or attached thereto..."; application of corrugated iron to roofs, other parts of buildings (stiffness minimized need for supporting framework).

April 1, 1901 - J. Pierpont Morgan formed U.S. Steel Corp.; largest business enterprise ever launched, with an authorized capitalization of $1.4 billion; combined business interests of Carnegie Steel Company and Federal Steel Company formed nucleus of U. S. Steel (also included American Steel & Wire Co., National Tube Company, American Tin Plate Co., American Steel Hoop Co., American Sheet Steel Co.); first full year of operation,  made 67 percent of all steel produced in United States.

May 28, 1901 - Thomas Edison received a patent for a "Magnetic Separator" ("for ground material containing magnetic and non-magnetic particles particularly adapted for the separation of ground magnetic iron ore"); received a patent for an "Apparatus for Screening Pulverized Material".

1907 - Tata Iron and Steel Company went public; December 2, 1911 - first cast of pig-iron produced; February 16, 1912 - first steel made.

August 13, 1913 - English metallurgist, Harry Brearley cast  first true stainless steel in Sheffield, England; steel alloy  contained 0.24% carbon and 12.8% chromium - strongly resisted chemical attack, including vinegar and other food acids such as lemon juice; realized that this new steel could also revolutionize the cutlery industry.

October 1, 1933 - Mesabi Iron Co. of Babbitt, MN shipped the first cargo of taconite, a low-grade ore containing 25% - 30% iron (magnetite and hematite as tiny particles scattered throughout a very tough variety of quartz called chert), to the Ford Motor Company of River Rouge, MI.

March 1, 1937 - John L. Lewis of Congress of Industrial Organizations and U.S. Steel President Myron Taylor signed landmark contract; heart of the deal was U.S. Steel's official recognition of the CIO's steel arm as the sole negotiator for the company's unionized workers; concessions to U.S. Steel employees: adoption of overtime pay, forty-hour work week, pay hike that raised wages by nearly forty cents an hour; Taylor viewed the UAW-GM strike as a clear indication that "complete industrial organization was inevitable", reached out to his workers in hopes of averting a showdown.

November 17, 1948 - Britain's House of Commons voted to nationalize steel industry.

March 14, 1950 - Permanente Metals Corporation registered "Kaiser" trademark first used November 23, 1946 (aluminum products-namely. pig, ingot, strip, coil, [general utility sheet and plate, aircraft ] sheet and plate [and sheet] including flat corrugated and coiled sheet). 

February 5, 1953 - American Iron and Steel Institution announced that U.S. steel companies had produced 117,500,000 short tons of steel during the past year.

June 15, 1954 - Great Britain's second biggest steel factory nationalized.

1955 - John H. McConnell, former salesman for Weirton Steel in Columbus, OH, started business as a custom processed steel broker with $1,200 in savings; borrowed $600 against 1952 Oldsmobile, worked from basement of his home; founded Worthington Industries.

July 2, 1957 - Bethlehem Steel Corporation poured first vacuum-cast steel ingot made in the U.S.; 93,900-pound ingot, 78 inches in diameter; can be made using either an electric or open-hearth furnace to melt the metal.

(Algoma), Lord Beaverbrook (1961). Courage: The Story of Sir James Dunn. (Fredericton, NB: Brunswick Press, 280 p.). Dunn, James Hamet, Sir, 1875-1956; Algoma Steel Corporation.

Francis H. Clergue - Algoma Steel (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Francis_Clergue.jpg)

(Algoma), Duncan McDowall (1984). Steel at the Sault: Francis H. Clergue, Sir James Dunn and the Algoma Steel Corporation, 1901-1956. (Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press, 326 p.). Clergue, Francis H. (Francis Hector), b. 1856; Dunn, James Hamet, Sir, 1875-1956; Algoma Steel Corporation -- History; Steel industry and trade -- Ontario -- Sault Ste. Marie -- History.

(American Steel and Wire Company), Lloyd Wendt and Herman Kogan (1981). Bet a Million!: The Story of John W. Gates. (New York, NY: Arno Press, 357 p. [orig. pub. 1948]). Gates, John Warne, 1855-1911; United States--Biography.

(Armco Steel), The Company (1922). The First Twenty Years; A History of the Growth and Development of the American Rolling Mill Company, Middletown, Ohio, Beginning 1901 and Ending 1922. (Middletown, OH: The Company, 320 p.). American Rolling Mill Co.; steel.

George M. Verity - Armco Steel (http://www.verityvip.com/images/team/george_verity.jpg)

(Armco Steel), Christy Borth (1941). True Steel; The Story of George Matthew Verity and His Associates. (New York, NY: Bobbs-Merrill, 319 p.). Verity, George Matthew, 1865-.

(Armco Steel), Roger l. Miller, George C. Crout. (2000). Middletown, Ohio: The Steel City. (Chicago, IL g: Arcadia Publishing, 128 p.). Ohio--Middletown--history; American Rolling Mill Co.--Middletown--history; Verity, George Matthew, 1865-.

(Atlantic Steel), Charles F. Stone (1951). The Story of Dixisteel: The First Fifty Years, 1901-1951, Atlanta Steel Hoop Company, Atlanta Steel Company, Atlantic Steel Company. (Atlanta, GA: Atlantic Steel Co., 177 p.). Atlanta Steel Company; Atlantic Steel Company.

(Atlantic Steel), Harry Richard Kuniansky (1976). A Business History of Atlantic Steel Company, 1901-1968. (New York, NY: Arno Press, 395 p.). Atlantic Steel Company.

(Wendell August Forge), Bonita J. Campbell (1999). Wendell August Forge: Seventy Five Years of Artistry in Metal. (Upland, CA: Dragonflyer Press, 192 p.). Wendell August Forge (Firm); Aluminum giftware--Pennsylvania--Brockway; Decoration and ornament--Pennsylvania--Brockway.

(Bath Iron Works), Michael S. Sanders (1999). The Yard: Building a Destroyer at the Bath Iron Works. (New York, NY: HarperCollins. Bath Iron Works; Destroyers (Warships)--United States.

(Bessemer), Sir Henry Bessemer (1989). Sir Henry Bessemer, F.R.S.: An Autobiography, with a Concluding Chapter. (Brookfield, VT: Institute of Metals, 380 p. [orig. pub. 1905]). Founder of the Bessemer Process (furnace). Bessemer, Henry, Sir, 1813-1898; Metallurgists--Great Britain--Biography; Bessemer process. 

Sir Henry Bessemer- Bessemer Process  (http://www.todayinsci.com/B/Bessemer_Henry/BessemerHenryThm.jpg)

(Bethlehem Steel), John Fritz (1912). The Autobiography of John Fritz. (New York, NY: Wiley, 326 p.). Superintendent of The Bethlehem Rolling Mills and Iron Company in 1860. Fritz, John, 1822- ; The Bethlehem Rolling Mills and Iron Company; Iron and Steel -- history.

Charles M. Schwab - first president of U. S. Steel; 1904 formed  Bethlehem Steel Corp. (http://www.bethlehempaonline.com/ schwabcharles.jpg)

(Bethlehem Steel), John Strohmeyer (1986). Crisis in Bethlehem: Big Steel's Struggle to Survive. (Bethesda, MD: Adler & Adler, 242 p.). Bethlehem Steel Corporation--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Trade-unions--Iron and steel workers--Pennsylvania--Bethlehem--History; Iron and steel workers--Pennsylvania--Bethlehem--History.

(Bethlehem Steel), Edmund F. Martin with David J. Morrison (1992). Bethlehem Steelmaker: My 90 Years in Life’s Loop: A Memoir. (Bethlehem, PA: BMS Press, 168 p.). Martin, Edmund F.; Bethlehem Steel Corporation--Employees--Biography; Businesspeople--United States--Biography; Steel industry and trade--United States--History.

(Bethlehem Steel), David Kuchta (1995). Memoirs of a Steelworker. ( Easton, PA: Canal History and Technology Press, 117 p.). Kuchta, David; Bethlehem Steel Corporation--History--Sources; Iron and steel workers--United States--Biography; Steel industry and trade--United States--History--Sources; Steelwork--Pennsylvania--Bethlehem--History--Sources.

(Bethlehem Steel), Andrew Garn with an Introduction by Lance E. Metz (1999). Bethlehem Steel/Photographs. (New York, NY: Princeton Architectural Press, 108 p.). Bethlehem Steel Company, Steel-works-Pennsylvania. Photographic chronicle of the Bethlehem Steel Company, a prime supplier of steel for railroads, highways and structures (Chrysler Building, Panama Canal).

(Bethlehem Steel), Kenneth Warren (2007). Industrial Genius: The Working Life of Charles Michael Schwab. (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 304 p.). Emeritus Fellow of Jesus College (University of Oxford). Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939; Industrialists--United States--Biography; Steel industry and trade--United States--History. Startling success of Schwab's business career, his leadership abilities, his drive to advance steel-making technology and operations; visionary in industrial history of America. 

(British Steel), John Vaizey (1974). History of British Steel. (London, Uk: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 205 p.). British Steel Corporation.

(British Steel), Elizabeth Cottrell (1981). The Giant with Feet of Clay: The British Steel Industry 1945-1981. (London, UK: Centre for Policy Studies, 222 p.). British Steel Corporation -- History; Steel industry and trade -- Great Britain.

(British Steel), R.A. Bryer, T.J. Brignall, A.R. Maunders (1982). Accounting for British Steel: A Financial Analysis of the Failure of the British Steel Corporation 1967-80, And who Was to Blame. (Aldershot, UK: Gower, 303 p.). British Steel Corporation -- Finance; Steel industry and trade -- Great Britain.

(British Steel), G.F. Dudley and J.J. Richardson (1990). Politics and Steel in Britain, 1967-1988: The Life and Times of the British Steel Corporation. (Aldershot, UK: Dartmouth,     p.). British Steel Corporation; Steel industry and trade -- Great Britain.

(British Steel), Charles Villiers (1992). Beyond the Sunset. (Stoke Abbott, UK: T. Harmsworth Pub., 267 p.). Villiers, Charles, 1912- ; British Steel Corporation--Biography; Great Britain. Army--Biography; Businesspeople--Great Britain--Biography.

(British Steel), Bob Haslam (2003). An Industrial Cocktail. (London, UK: Robert Hale & Company, 292 p.). Former Chairman, British Steel. Haslam, Bob; Industrial management--Britain--History. 

(Broken Hill Proprietary), Geoffrey Blainey (1995). The Steel Master: A Life of Essington Lewis. (Carlton South, Vic., AU: Melbourne University Press, 217 p.). Lewis, Essington, 1881-1961; Broken Hill Proprietary Company, ltd.--History; Steel industry and trade--Australia--History--20th century.

(Broken Hill Proprietary), Donald G. Hoskins (1995). The Ironmaster: The Life of Charles Hoskins, 1851-1926. (North Wollongong, N.S.W.: University of Wollongong Press, 166 p.). Hoskins, Charles Henry, 1851-1926; Broken Hill Proprietary Company, ltd.--History; Iron industry and trade--Australia--History; Steel industry and trade--Australia--History; Port Kembla (N.S.W.)--History.

(Buckeye), Mansel G. Blackford (1982). A Portrait Cast in Steel: Buckeye International and Columbus, Ohio, 1881-1980. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 225 p.). Buckeye International (Firm)--History; Columbus (Ohio)--Economic conditions.

(Cameron Iron Works), Patrick J. Nicholson (1983). Mr. Jim: The Biography of James Smither Abercrombie. (Houston, TX: Gulf Pub. Co., 364 p.). Abercrombie, James Smither; Abercrombie family; Businesspeople--United States--Biography; Oil field equipment and supplies industry--United States--History.

(Campbell, Wyant and Cannon Foundry), George William Cannon, Wally E. George (1964). That First Casting Must Be Good; George W. Cannons Story of the Partnership and the Foundries of Campbell, Wyant and Cannon, as Told to Wally E. George. (Muskegon, MI: G.W. Cannon Co., 175 p.). Campbell, Wyant and Cannon Foundry Company; Textron, inc. Campbell, Wyant and Cannon Foundry Company.

(Cape Gate Fence and Wire Works), Mendel Kaplan, with Solomon Kaplan and Marian Robertson (1979). From Shtetl to Steelmaking: The Story of Three Immigrant Families and a Family Business. (Cape Town, SA: Kaplan-Kushlick Foundation, 144 p.). Kaplan family; Cape Gate Fence and Wire Works--History; Jews--South Africa--History.

(Carron Company), R. H. (Roy Hutcheson) Campbell (1961). Carron Company. (Edinburgh, Scotland: Oliver and Boyd, 346 p.). Carron Company.

(Carron Iron Works), Watters, W.B. (1998). Where Iron Runs Like Water: A New History of the Carron Iron Works 1759-1982. (Edinburgh, Scotland: John Donald Publishers Ltd., 230 p.). Carron Iron Works.

(Cockerill-Sambre), Francis Groff (1995). Albert Frere: Le Pouvoir et La Discretion. (Bruxelles, Belgium: Editions Labor, 167 p.). Frere, Albert, 1926- ; Businesspeople--Belgium--Biography.

(Cockerill-Sambre), Jose-Alain Fralon. (1997). Albert Frere: Le Fils du Marchand de Clous. (Paris, FR: Fayard, 345 p.). Frere, Albert, 1926- ; Businesspeople--Belgium--Biography; Iron and steel trade--Belgium; Capitalists and financiers--Belgium--Biography.

(Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation), H. Lee Scamehorn (1976). Pioneer Steelmaker in the West: The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, 1872-1903. (Boulder, CO: Pruett Pub. Co., 231 p.). Colorado Fuel and Iron Company; Steel industry and trade--Colorado--History; Colorado--History.

--- (1992). Mill & Mine: The CF&I in the Twentieth Century. (Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 247 p.). Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation--History--20th century; Steel industry and trade--United States--History--20th century; Iron and steel workers--Colorado--History--20th century; Coal miners--Colorado--History--20th century; Labor unions--United States--History--20th century; Industrial relations--United States--History--20th century.

(Colorado Fuel and Iron Company), Robert MacCannon (2005). Sunrise, A Chronology of a Wyoming Mine. (Pueblo, CO: Bessemer Historical Society, 437 p.). Colorado Fuel and Iron Company; Sunrise Mine; Iron mines and mining -- United States. Mining history, labor and management relations, oral histories of Sunrise iron ore mine from its geologic occurrence to its closure, beyond. 

(Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional), Oliver J. Dinius (2010). Brazil’s Steel City: Developmentalism, Strategic Power, and Industrial Relations in Volta Redonda, 1941-1964. (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 352 p.). Croft Associate Professor of History and International Studies (University of Mississippi). Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional --History; Iron and steel workers --Brazil --Volta Redonda --History --20th century; Industrial relations --Brazil --Volta Redonda --History --20th century. Social history of National Steel Company (CSN), Brazil's foremost state-owned company, largest industrial enterprise in mid-20th century; role steelworkers played in Brazil's social, economic development under country's import substitution policies from early 1940s to 1964 military coup; CSN workers held strategic power, used it to reshape company's labor regime, extract impressive wage gains and benefits; workers, their peers in similarly strategic industries, had power to undermine state capitalist development model prevalent in large economies of postwar Latin America.

(Consett Iron), Kenneth Warren (1990). Consett Iron, 1840-1980: A Study in Industrial Location. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 193 p.). Consett Iron Company--History; Steel industry and trade--Great Britain--History; Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--History; Steel industry and trade--Great Britain--Location--Case studies; Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--Location--Case studies.

(William Cook Company), Philip Hansen (1998). The History of the William Cook Company and the Cook Family: From the 18th Century to 1985. (Sheffield, UK: William Cook Ltd., 295 p.). ; Steel industry and trade -- Great Britain -- History.

(William Cook Company), Andrew Cook (1999). Thrice Through the Fire: A History of the William Cook Company from 1985 to 1998. (Sheffield, UK: William Cook, 225 p.). William Cook Company -- History.

(Robert Findlay Iron Works), Robert S. Davis, Jr. (1998). Cotton, Fire, and Dreams: The Robert Findlay Iron Works and Heavy Industry in Macon, Georgia, 1839-1912. (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 198 p.). Findlay, Robert, 1808-1859; Robert Findlay Iron Works; Iron works--Georgia--Macon--History; Macon (Ga.)--History.

(GKN), Edgar Jones (1987). A History of GKN. (London, UK: Macmillan, 2 vols.). Gemeenschappelijke Kernenergiecentrale Nederland, N.V.; Steel foundries--Great Britain--History; Steel industry and trade--Great Britain--History. 

John Guest - GKN (http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Josiah_John_Guest.jpg/180px-Josiah_John_Guest.jpg)

(Grede Foundries), Craig Miner (1989). Grede of Milwaukee. (Wichita, KS: Watermark Press, 253 p.). Grede, Bill, 1897-1989; Industrialists--United States--Biography; Foundries--United States--History.

(Inland Steel), Anthony Mitchell Ryerson (1999). Humorous Hubbub: Memoirs of Anthony Mitchell Ryerson. (Lake Forest, IL: A.M. Ryerson, 383 p.). Ryerson, Anthony Mitchell, 1918- ; Inland Steel Company; Businessmen--Illinois--Lake Forest--Biography; Manic-depressive persons--Illinois--Lake Forest--Biography; Lake Forest (Ill.)--Biography.

(Jones & Laughlin - founded by Benjamin Franklin Jones and Pittsburgh banker James Laughlin), David H. Wollman and Donald R. Inman (1999). Portraits in Steel: An Illustrated History of Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation. (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 331 p.). Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Iron industry and trade--United States--History.

(Kaiser Steel), Mark S. Foster; foreword by William H. Goetzman (1989). Henry J. Kaiser Builder in the Modern American West. (Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 358 p.). Kaiser, Henry J., 1882- ; Businessmen--United States--Biography.

Henry J. Kaiser (http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/50/68250-003-891FC67E.gif)

(Kaiser Steel), Albert P. Heiner (1991). Henry J. Kaiser, Western Colossus: An Insider's View. (San Francisco, CA: Halo Books, 434 p.). Public Relations Executive at Kaiser Steel. Kaiser, Henry J., 1882- ; Businessmen--United States--Biography.

(Kaiser Steel), Stephen B. Adams (1997). Mr. Kaiser Goes to Washington: The Rise of a Government Entrepreneur. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 239 p.). Kaiser, Henry J., 1882- ; Businessmen--United States--Biography; Industrial policy--United States--History.

(Kaiser Steel), John Charles Anicic, Jr. (2006). Kaiser Steel Fontana. (San Francisco, CA: Arcadia Pub., 127 p.). Past President and Past Board Member of the Fontana Historical Society. Kaiser Steel Corporation; Steel industry and trade--California--Fontana--Pictorial works; Historic buildings--California--Fontana--Pictorial works; Fontana (Calif.).--History--Pictorial works. For two generations, Kaiser Steel Corporation at Fontana was among California’s, nation’s industrial giants.

(LTV - 1963 was # 14 on the Fortune 500 list), Stanley H. Brown (1972). Ling; The Rise, Fall, and Return of a Texas Titan. (New York, NY: Atheneum, 308 p.). Ling, James Joseph; Ling-Temco-Vought; Texas--Biography.

(LTV), Christopher J. Dawson (2008). Steel Remembered: Photographs from the LTV Steel Collection. (Kent, OH: Kent State University Press: Published in Cooperation with the Western Reserve Historical Society, 153 p.). Western Reserve Historical Society--Photograph collections; LTV Steel Company--Archives.; Steel-works--Ohio--History--Sources; Steel-works--Ohio--Pictorial works.

(P. MacCallum & Sons Ltd.), John R. Hume and Michael S. Moss (1983). A Bed of Nails: The History of P. MacCallum & Sons Ltd of Greenock, 1781-1981, A Study in Survival. (Greenock, UK: Lang & Fulton, 148 p.). P. MacCallum & Sons Ltd.--History; Nail industry--Great Britain--History; Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--History; Steel industry and trade--Great Britain--History; Shipbuilding industry--Great Britain--History.

(Maramec Iron Works), James D. Norris (1964). Frontier Iron; The Maramec Iron Works, 1826-1876. (Madison, WI: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 206 p.). Maramec Iron Works.

(Maxwell Steel Company), Vera Maxwell (1979). Hostile Witness: The Story of Maxwell Steel Company, 1933-1959. (Fort Worth, TX: Maxwell, 183 p.). Maxwell Steel Company.

(Middleburg Steel & Alloys), Anthony Hocking (1992). The Chrome Connection: A Commemorative History of Middleburg Steel & Alloys. (Bethulie, Orange Free State, South Africa: Hollards, 368 p.). Middelburg Steel & Alloys; Stainless steel industry--South Africa; Chrome steel industry--South Africa.

(Minnesota Iron Company), Hal Bridges (1952). Iron Millionaire: Life of Charlemagne Tower. (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 322 p.). Tower, Charlemagne, 1809-1889; Industrialists--United States--Biography.

(Mittal Steel), Tim Bouquet and Byron Ousey (2008). Cold Steel: The Multi-Billion-Dollar Battle for a Global Empire. (London, UK: Little, Bown, 352 p.). Steel industry and trade; Mittal, Lakshmi; Mittal Steel; Dolle, Guy, Arcelor S. A. Battle for total market domination in steel industry sent shockwaves through political corridors of Europe, excited world’s financial markets, enriched 30 hedge funds, transformed global steel.

(Nucor Corporation), Jeffrey L. Rodengen (1997). The Legend of Nucor Corporation. (Ft. Lauderdale, FL: Write Stuff Enterprises, 144 p.). Nucor Corporation--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Nuclear counter industry--United States--History.

(Nucor), Ken Iverson with Tom Varian (1998). Plain Talk: Lessons from a Business Maverick. (New York, NY: Wiley, 196 p.). Former CEO of Nucor Corporation. Nucor Corporation--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--Management--Case studies; Industrial management--United States--Case studies.

(Oliver Chilled Plow Works), Joan Romine (1978). Copshaholm: The Oliver Story. (South Bend, IN: Northern Indiana Historical Society, 138 p.). Oliver, James, 1823-1908; Businesspeople--United States--Biography; Iron industry and trade--United States--History; Agricultural machinery--United States--History.

(Otis Steel), Margaret Bourke-White (1929). The Otis Steel Company -- Pioneer, Cleveland, Ohio. (Cambridge, MA: The Riverside Press (privately printed), 18 p.). First Photographer for Fortune magazine. Steel industry and trade--United States. Limited edition of 550 copies printed for the Otis Steel Company and signed: E.J. Kulas, president.

(Preussag AG), von Bernhard Stier und Johannes Laufer (2005). Von der Preussag zur TUI: Wege und Wandlungen eines Unternehmens 1923-2003. (Essen, germany: Klartext, 632 p.). Preussag zur TUI;. One of most radical restructuring processes in German business history.  

(Principio Company), Ear Chapin May (1945). Principio of Wheeling, 1715-1915, A Pageant of Iron and Steel. (New York, Ny: Harper & Brothers, 335 p.). Principio company, Principio, Md.; Wheeling steel corporation; Iron industry and trade--United States; Steel industry and trade--United States. [from old catalog].

(Principio Company), Michael W. Robbins (1986). The Principio Company: Iron-Making in Colonial Maryland, 1720-1781. (New York, NY: Garland, 345 p.). Principio Company--History; Iron industry and trade--Maryland--History--18th century. Series: American business history.

(Republic Steel), Tom M. Girdler and Boyden Sparkes (1943). Boot straps: The Autobiography of Tom M. Girdler. (New York, NY: Scribner, 471 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States; Republic steel corporation.

(Rylands Brothers ltd.), H. Hurford Janes (1956). Rylands of Warrington, 1805-1955; The Story of Rylands Brothers Limited. (London, UK: Harley Pub. Co., 141 p.). Rylands Brothers, ltd. [from old catalog].

(Sandmeyer Steel Company), Jim H. Smith (2002). Stainless Determination: The History of Sandmeyer Steel Company. (Lyme, CT: Greenwich Pub. Group, 104 p.). Sandmeyer Steel Company--History; Steel industry and trade--Pennsylvania--History.

(Sendzimir Cold Strip Mill), Vanda Sendzimir (1994). Steel Will: The Life of Tad Sendzimir. (New York, NY: Hippocrene Books,, 368 p.). Daughter. Sendzimir, Tadeusz; Inventors --United States --Biography. One of top five inventors in history of steel; 1920s - starting from ramshackle Shanghai nail factory; 1931 - first Sendzimir Cold Strip Mill and a Galvanizing plant installed in Poland; his method of rolling continuously cast steel slabs in so-called planetary mill, cold-rolling system known worldwide; his invention opened new horizons for use of galvanized, stainless steels.

(H. E. Shacklock Limited), John H. Angus (1973). The Ironmasters: The First One Hundred Years of H. E. Shacklock Limited. (Dunedin, NZ: H. E. Shacklock, 111 p.). Shacklock (H. E.) Limited.

(Shotton Steel Works), Brian Redhead & Sheila Gooddie (1987). The Summers of Shotton. (London, UK: Hodder & Stoughton, 160 p.). Summers family; Industrialists--Wales--Shotton (Clwyd)--Biography; Steel industry and trade--Wales--Shotton (Clwyd)--History; Shotton (Clwyd)--History. September 1896 - Harry and James Summers established Shotton Steel, produced first sheets of galvanized steel sheetings from steam-driven mills on 10,000 acres of marshland on banks of Dee River in Deeside, Shotton, Wales.

(Shotts Iron Company), Augustus Muir (1952). The Story of Shotts: A Short History of the Shotts Iron Company Limited. (Edinburgh, Scotland: Shotts Iron Company, 80 p.). Shotts Iron Company Limited.

(Sloss Furnace Co.), W. David Lewis (1994). Sloss Furnaces and the Rise of the Birmingham District: An Industrial Epic. (Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press, 645 p.). Sloss Furnace Company--History; Sloss Furnaces National Historic Landmark--History; Iron industry and trade--Alabama--Birmingham--History; Iron foundries--Alabama--Birmingham--History; Iron founding--Alabama--Birmingham--History; Iron--Metallurgy; Industries--Alabama--Birmingham--History; Birmingham (Ala.)--Economic conditions; Birmingham (Ala.)--Social conditions.

(Steel Company of Canada), William Kilbourn (1960). The Elements Combined: A History of the Steel Company of Canada. (Toronto, ON: Clarke, Irwin, 335 p.). Steel Company of Canada.

(Stelco), Courtney Pratt and Larry Gaudet (2008). Into the Blast Furnace: The Forging of a CEO’s Conscience. (Toronto, ON: Random House Canada, 320 p.). Formed CEO Stelco. Pratt, Courtney; Pratt, Courtney; Stelco Inc.; Stelco inc.; Chief executive officers --Canada --Biography; Business ethics. How to stay human in a bottom-line world; 2004 - Steel manufacturer Stelco Inc. entered bankruptcy; 6,000 jobs, 10,000 pensions; struggling economy of company town at risk; 2006 - emerged from bankruptcy protection, announced plans to cut 15% of work force, settled new four-year contract with United Steelworkers union; October 31, 2007 - acquired by United States Steel Corp. for $1.2 billion; renamed U.S. Steel Canada Inc.; world's fifth-largest steel producer (production capacity to 33 million net tons from current 26.8 million tons).

(Taskers of Andover Ltd.), L.T.C. Rolt (1969). Waterloo Ironworks; A History of Taskers of Andover, 1809-1968. (New York, NY: A. M. Kelley, 240 p.). Taskers of Andover (1932) Ltd.

(Tata Iron and Steel Company), John L. Keenan, with the collaboration of Lenore Sorsby; introduction by Louis Bromfield (1943). A Steel Man in India. (New York, NY: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 224 p.). Tata iron and steel company, limited; Iron industry and trade--India; Steel industry and trade--India.

(Tata Iron and Steel Company), Satya Brata Datta (1986). Capital Accumulation and Workers’ Struggle in Indian Industrialisation: The Case of Tata Iron and Steel Company, 1910-1970. (Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 295 p.). Tata Iron and Steel Company--History--20th century; Iron and steel workers--India--Jamshedpur--History--20th century; Steel industry and trade--India--Jamshedpur--History--20th century; Iron industry and trade--India--Jamshedpur--History--20th century.

(Tata Iron and Steel Company), S.N. Pandey (1991). Social Side of Tata Steel. (New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 185 p.). Tata Iron and Steel Company; Corporate sponsorship--India.

(Tata Iron and Steel Company), Vinay Bahl (1995). The Making of the Indian Working Class: A Case of the Tata Iron and Steel Company, 1880-1946. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 432 p.). Tata Iron and Steel Company--History; Iron and steel workers--India--History; Labor movement--India--History; Working class--India--History.

(Tata Iron and Steel Company), R.M. Lala; foreword by Ratan N. Tata (2007). The Romance of Tata Steel. (New York, NY: Penguin, Viking,, 169 p.). Tata Iron and Steel Company; Steel industry and trade--India--History. Saga of India’s industrialization. associated with development of Indian nation as no other company in India.

(Richard Thomas & Co.), David Wainwright (1986). Men of Steel: A History of Richard Thomas and His Family. (London, UK: Quiller, 149 p.). Richard Thomas & Co.; South Wales Steel industries Companies history.

(Thyssen Industrie AG Henschel), Helmut Uebbing (1991). Wege und Wegmarken: 100 Jahre Thyssen. (Berlin, GR: Siedler, 348 p.). Thyssen Industrie AG Henschel--History; Steel industry and trade--Germany--History.

August Thyssen (left), Alfred Krupp (right) - Thyssen Industrie  (http://media.thyssenkrupp.com/images/press/thyssenkrupp_p_27_m.jpg)

Alfred Krupp (right) - Thyssen Industrie  (http://www.thyssenkrupp-stainless-usa.com/lib/images/keyvisuals/ph_history_Alfred%20Krupp.jpg)

(Thyssen Industrie AG Henschel), Jeffrey R. Fear (2005). Organizing Control: August Thyssen and the Construction of German Corporate Management. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 976 p.). Associate Professor (Harvard Business School). Those, August, 1842-1926; Dinkelbach, Heinrich, b. 1891; Thyssen & Co. (Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany)--History; Vereinigte Stahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft--History; Industrial management--Germany--History; Industrialists--Germany--History. Evolution of management inside Thyssen-Konzern and Vereinigte Stahlwerke (United Steel Works) between 1871 and 1934; focus on organization, internal dynamics of company.

(Thyssen Industrie AG Henschel), David R. L. Litchfield (2006). The Thyssen Art Macabre. (London, UK: Quartet Books, 450 p.). Thyssen, August; Thyssen Family; Thyssen & Co. (Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany)--History. Thyssen family history much darker than family has portrayed.  

SEE ALSO: Capitalists

(Weirton Steel), James B, Lieber (1995). Friendly Takeover: How an Employee Buyout Saved a Steel Town. (New York, NY: Viking, 382 p.). Lawyer. Weirton Steel Corporation; Employee ownership--West Virginia--Weirton Steel industry and trade--West Virginia--Weirton.

(Wendel Investissement - founded 1704 in Alsace), Pierre Fritsch (1976). Les Wendel, Rois de l'Acier Français. (Paris, FR: Laffont, 279 p.). Wendel family; Steel industry and trade--France--History; Businesspeople--France--Biography.

(Wheeling Steel Corporation), Earl C. May (1945). Principio of Wheeling, 1715-1915, A Pageant of Iron and Steel. (New York, NY: Harper & Brothers, 335 p.). Principio company, Principio, Md.; Wheeling steel corporation; Iron industry and trade--United States; Steel industry and trade--United States.

(Worthington Industries), Jeffrey L. Rodengen (2000). The Legend of Worthington Industries. (Fort Lauderdale, FL: Write Stuff Enterprises, 160 p.). --History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History.

(Worthington Industries), John H. McConnell (2004). Our Golden Rule. (Columbus, OH: Franklin University Press, 161 p.). Founder, Worthington Industries. Worthington Industries; Leadership; Chief executive officers; Executive ability.

Zolton J. Ács; foreword by Charles P. Kindleberger (1984). The Changing Structure of the U.S. Economy: Lessons from the Steel Industry. (New York, NY: Praeger, 246 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States; United States--Economic conditions--1981-; United States--Economic policy--1981-1993.

Roger S. Ahlbrandt, Richard J. Fruehan and Frank Giarratani (1996). The Renaissance of American Steel: Lessons for Managers in Competitive Industries. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 178 p.). Steel, Corporate Turnarounds

Donald F. Barnett and Louis Schorsch (1983). Steel: Upheaval in a Basic Industry. (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Pub. Co., 326 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States.

Donald F. Barnett and Robert W. Crandall (1986). Up from the Ashes: The Rise of the Steel Minimill in the United States. (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 135 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States; Steel minimills--United States.

David Bensman and Roberta Lynch (1987). Rusted Dreams: Hard Times in a Steel Community. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 250 p.). Unemployment--Illinois--Chicago; Plant shutdowns--Illinois--Chicago; Chicago (Ill.)--Economic conditions; South Chicago (Chicago, Ill.)--Economic conditions. 

John Bezís-Selfa (2004). Forging America: Ironworkers, Adventurers, and the Industrious Revolution. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 279 p.). Iron industry and trade--United States--History--18th century; Work ethic--United States--History; United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783.

Diane F. Britton (1991). The Iron and Steel Industry in the Far West: Irondale, Washington. (Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado, 226 p.). Steel industry and trade--Washington (State)--Irondale--History; Iron industry and trade--Washington (State)--Irondale--History; Irondale (Wash.)--History.

J. C. Carr and W. Taplin (1962). History of the British Steel Industry. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 632 p.). Steel industry and trade--Great Britain.

Herbert N. Casson (1971). The Romance of Steel; The Story of a Thousand Millionaires. (Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries, 376 p. [orig. pub. 1907]). Steel industry and trade--United States.

Harold M. Cobb (2010). The History of Stainless Steel. (Materials Park, OH: ASM International 359 p.). Metallurgist. Stainless steel --History; Stainless steel industry --History. Called miracle metal by renowned metallurgist Carl Zapffe; work of famous pioneers like Harry Brearley, Elwood Haynes, Benno Strauss, significant technical contributions of lesser known figures like William Krivsky; from stainless steel cutlery of Brearley in 1913 to early architectural use of stainless steel, revolution in rail travel (Edward G. Budd Company built first light-weight stainless steel passenger trains with 90% reduction in fuel costs).

Anthony P. D'Costa (1999). The Global Restructuring of the Steel Industry: Innovations, Institutions, and Industrial Change. (New York, NY: Routledge, 228 p.). Professor in Comparative International Development (University of Washington). Steel industry and trade; Steel industry and trade--Government policy.

Eds. Chris Evans and Goran Ryden (2005). The Industrial Revolution in Iron: The Impact of British Coal Technology in Nineteenth-Century Europe. (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 200 p.). Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--History--19th century; Iron industry and trade--Europe--History--19th century. 

Chris Evans, Goran Ryden (2007). Baltic Iron in the Atlantic World in the Eighteenth Century. (Boston, MA: Brill, 359 p.). Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--History--18th century; Iron industry and trade--Sweden--History--18th century' Iron industry and trade--Russia--History--18th century. 

Gerald D. Feldman (1977). Iron and Steel in the German Inflation, 1916-1923. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 518 p.). Iron industry and trade--Germany--History; Steel industry and trade--Germany--History; Trusts, Industrial--Germany--History; Industrial policy--Germany--History; Inflation (Finance)--Germany--History.

Douglas A. Fisher (1963). The Epic of Steel. (New York, NY: Harper & Row, 344 p.). Steel--History.

Walter H. Goldberg (1986). Ailing Steel: The Transoceanic Quarrel. (New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 535 p.). Steel industry and trade--Europe; Steel industry and trade--United States; Steel industry and trade--Japan; Competition, International.

Robert B. Gordon (1996). American Iron, 1607-1900. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 341 p.). Professor of geophysics and applied mechanics (Yale University). Iron-works--North America--History--18th century; Iron-works--North America--History--19th century; Iron--Metallurgy--History--18th century; Iron--Metallurgy--History--19th century. Iron technology in America from colonial period to industry's demise at about turn of the 20th century; labor, innovation, product quality in ironmaking, industry's environmental consequences; high level of skills required to ensure efficient, safe operation of furnaces, improve quality of iron product; ironworkers gained degree of control over their lives through mastery of founding, fining, puddling, or bloom smelting.

Christopher G. L. Hall (1997). Steel Phoenix: The Fall and Rise of the U.S. Steel Industry. (New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 427 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States--History.

John P. Hoerr (1988). And the Wolf Finally Came: The Decline of the American Steel Industry. (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pitsburgh Press, 689 p.). Steel industry and trade--Monongahela River Region (W.Va. and Pa.); Steel industry and trade--Pennsylvania; Steel industry and trade--West Virginia; Iron and steel workers--Monongahela River Region (W.Va. and Pa.); Iron and steel workers--Pennsylvania; Iron and steel workers--West Virginia; Collective bargaining--Monongahela River Region (W.Va. and Pa.); Collective bargaining--Pennsylvania; Collective bargaining--West Virginia.

William T. Hogan (1971). Economic History of the Iron and Steel Industry in the United States. (Lexington, MA: Heath, 2178 p. [5 vols.]). Iron industry and trade--United States--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History. 

Stewart H. Holbrook (1939). Iron Brew; a Century of American Ore and Steel. (New York, NY: Macmillan, 352 p.). Iron industry and trade--United States; Steel industry and trade--United States.

John N. Ingham (1978). The Iron Barons: A Social Analysis of an American Urban Elite, 1874-1965. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 242 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Social classes--United States--History.

--- (1991). Making Iron and Steel: Independent Mills in Pittsburgh, 1820-1920. (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 297 p.). Iron industry and trade--Pennsylvania--Pittsburgh--History; Steel industry and trade--Pennsylvania--Pittsburgh--History.

Kris E. Inwood (1986). The Canadian Charcoal Iron Industry, 1870-1914. (New York, NY: Garland Pub., 398 p.). Iron industry and trade--Canada--History; Iron foundries--Canada--History; Fuel--Canada--History; Charcoal--Canada--History.

W. T. Jeans (1884). The Creators of the Age of Steel. (London, UK: Chapman and Hall, Limited, 348 p.). Bessemer, Henry, Sir, 1813-1898; Siemens, William, Sir, 1816-1896; Whitworth, Joseph, Sir, 1806-1887; Brown, John, Sir, 1816-1896; Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist, 1850-1885; Snelus, George James, 1837-1906; Steel--History; Inventors. 

Donald J. Jonovic (1985). Iron, Industry, and Independence: A Biographical Portrait of Courtney Burton, Jr., American Industrialist and Patriot. (Cleveland, OH: Jamieson Press, 269 p.). Burton, Courtney; Businessmen--United States--Biography; Philanthropists--United States--Biography.

Humphrey Lloyd (1975). The Quaker Lloyds in the Industrial Revolution. (London, UK: Hutchinson, 322 p.). Lloyd family; Industrialists--Great Britain--Biography; Iron industry and trade--Great Britain--History; Businesspeople--Great Britain--Biography.

Amos J. Loveday, Jr. (1983). The Rise and Decline of the American Cut Nail Industry: A Study of the Interrelationships of Technology, Business Organization, and Management Techniques. (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 160 p.). Nail industry--United States--History.

Jeanne McHugh (1980). Alexander Holley and the Makers of Steel. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 402 p.). Holley, Alexander Lyman, 1832-1882; Businessmen--United States--Biography; Steel industry and trade--United States.

Thomas J. Misa (1995). A Nation of Steel: The Making of Modern America, 1865-1925. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 367 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Steel industry and trade--Social aspects--United States--History.

Adam Mornement and Simon Holloway (2007). Corrugated Iron: Building on the Frontier. (New York, NY: Norton, 224 p.). Building, Iron and steel; Sheet-metal, Corrugated. History, recent revival of building material (patented in 1829, above) once revered as miracle of industrial age; durable, biodegradable, environmentally sound cladding system; residential, corporate, industrial uses, disaster zone housing, roofing in developing world.

Robert J. Norrell (1991). James Bowron: The Autobiography of a New South Industrialist. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 285 p.). Bowron, James, 1844-1928; Industrialists--United States--History; Iron industry and trade--United States--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History; Tennessee--History; Alabama--History.

Harvey O'Connor (1935). Steel--Dictator. (New York, NY: The John Day Company, 383 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States.

Paul F. Paskoff (1983). Industrial Evolution: Organization, Structure, and Growth of the Pennsylvania Iron Industry, 1750-1860. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 182 p.). Iron industry and trade--Pennsylvania--History.

Peter Lester Payne (1979). Colvilles and the Scottish Steel Industry. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 458 p.). Colvilles Ltd.--History; Industries--Scotland--History.

Richard Preston (1991). American Steel: Hot Metal Men and the Resurrection of the Rust Belt. (New York, NY: Prentice Hall Press, 278 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States--Case studies.

Mark Reutter (1988). Sparrows Point: Making Steel: The Rise and Ruin of American Industrial Might. (New York, NY: Summit Books, 494 p.). Steel industry and trade--Maryland--Sparrows Point--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History.

Harold J. Rutterberg (2001). My Life in Steel. (Tarentum, PA: Word Association Publishers, 294 p.). Ruttenberg, Harold J.; Steel industry--Pennsylvania. 

Roch Samson and Parks Canada (1998). The Forges Du Saint-Maurice : Beginnings of the Iron and Steel Industry in Canada, 1730-1883. (Sainte-Foy, Quebec: Presses de l'Université Laval, 458 p.). Foundries--Québec (Province)--Trois-Rivières Region--History; Iron industry and trade--Québec (Province)--Trois-Rivières Region--History; Forges du Saint-Maurice (Québec)--History.

Gertrude G. Schroeder (1953). The Growth of Major Steel Companies, 1900-1950. (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press, 244 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States.

H. R. Schubert. Foreword by the president of the Iron and Steel Institute (1957). History of the British Iron and Steel Industry from c. 450 B.C. to A.D. 1775. (London, UK: Routledge & K. Paul, 445 p.). Iron industry and trade--Great Britain; Steel industry and trade--Great Britain.

John Scott (1989). Behind the Urals: An American Worker in Russia's City of Steel. (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 306 p. [orig. pub. 1942]). Scott, John, 1912- --Journeys--Russia (Federation)--Magnitogorsk; Steel industry and trade--Russia (Federation)--Magnitogorsk; Magnitogorsk (Russia)--Description and travel; Soviet Union--Politics and government--1917-1936.

William Serrin (1992). Homestead: The Glory and Tragedy of an American Steel Town. (New York, NY: Times Books, 452 p.). Steel industry and trade--Pennsylvania--Homestead--History; Iron and steel workers--Pennsylvania--Homestead--History; Homestead (Pa.)--History.

Quentin R. Skrabec, Jr. (2004). The Boys of Braddock: Andrew Carnegie and the Men Who Changed Industrial History. (Westminster, MD: Heritage Books, 230 p.). Carnegie, Andrew, 1835-1919.; Jones, William (William R.); Schwab, Charles M., 1862-1939; Edgar Thomson Works; Industrial revolution--United States; Industrialists--Pennsylvania--Biography; Steel industry and trade--Pennsylvania--Braddock--History; Braddock (Pa.)--History.

James M. Swank (1884). History of the Manufacture of Iron in All Ages, and Particularly in the United States for Three Hundred Years, from 1585 to 1885. (Philadelphia, PA: The Author, 428 p.). Iron industry and trade--United States; Iron industry and trade.

--- (1965). History of the Manufacture of Iron in All Ages, and Particularly in the United States from Colonial Times to 1891; also a Short History of Early Coal Mining in the United States and a Full Account of the Influences Which Long Delayed the Development of All American Manufacturing Industries. (New York, NY: B. Franklin, 554 p. [2nd ed.]). Iron industry and trade--United States; Iron industry and trade; Coal mines and mining--United States--History.

Peter Temin (1964). Iron and Steel in Nineteenth-Century America, An Economic Inquiry. (Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, 304 p.). Iron industry and trade--United States--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History. Series: MIT monographs in economics.

Paul A. Tiffany (1988). The Decline of American Steel: How Management, Labor, and Government Went Wrong. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 282 p.). Steel industry and trade--United States; Steel industry and trade--Government policy--United States; Iron and steel workers--Labor unions--United States.

Steven Tolliday (1987). Business, Banking, and Politics: The Case of British Steel, 1918-1939. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 433 p.). Steel industry and trade--Great Britain--History--20th century.

Geoffrey Tweedale (1987). Sheffield Steel and America: A Century of Commercial and Technological Interdependence, 1830-1930. (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 296 p.). Steel industry and trade--England--Sheffield--History; Steel industry and trade--United States--History.

--- (1995). Steel City: Entrepreneurship, Strategy, and Technology in Sheffield, 1743-1993. (New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 436 p.). Steel industry and trade -- England -- Sheffield -- History; Sheffield (England) -- History.

David A. Walker (1979). Iron Frontier: The Discovery and Early Development of Minnesota's Three Ranges. (St. Paul, MN: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 315 p.). Iron industry and trade--Minnesota--History; Iron mines and mining--Minnesota--History; Frontier and pioneer life--Minnesota.

Kenneth Warren (1973). The American Steel Industry, 1850-1970; A Geographical Interpretation. (Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press, 337 p.). Steel industry and trade--Location--United States--History.

--- (2001). Wealth, Waste, and Alienation: Growth and Decline in the Connellsville Coke Industry. (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 297 p.). Coke industry--Pennsylvania--Connellsville--History; Coke industry--History; Connellsville (Pa.)--History. 

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Business History Links

American Iron & Steel Institute                                                          http://www.steel.org/                                                          

AISI comprises producer member companies, including integrated, electric furnace, and reconstituted mills; associate member companies, which are suppliers to or customers of the industry; and affiliate member organizations, which are downstream steel producers of products such as cold rolled strip, pipe and tube, and coated sheet - Overall mission: To provide high-quality, value-added products to a wide array of customers; To lead the world in innovation and technology in the production of steel; To produce steel in a safe and environmentally friendly manner; and To increase the market for North American Steel in both traditional and innovative applications.

CF&I (Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation) Steel Collection               http://www.cfisteel.org/index.html                                  

The CF&I Museum of Industry and Culture will feature exhibits related to all facets of the CF&I, including but not limited to history of mining, labor history, history of steel production, railroad history, and history of Pueblo and Colorado and the CF&I's impact on the region. The Bessemer Historical Society provides permanent care for significant archives and artifacts of the CF&I Steel collection from its beginning in 1872 to 1993; focus of the collection includes the Pueblo steel works, the company mines and towns, as well as real estate in Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico and other states and the company-owned Colorado and Wyoming Railroad. The Society will collect, preserve and interpret materials that signify the contributions of the steel industry to Colorado's history and honor the company's employees. Additionally, the Society will collect, preserve and interpret materials citing the contributions of the Bessemer area residents and merchants to Pueblo's history.

Images from Sloss Furnace                                                          http://larryogay.20megsfree.com                                     

The Sloss Company's City Furnaces, built in what is now the center of Birmingham, Alabama, in 1881-1882, produced pig iron for the foundry market until their close in 1970. The furnaces remain a central element of Birmingham's skyline, a visual reminder of it's industrial past.

Sloss Furnaces National Historic Landmark                                              http://www.slossfurnaces.com/media/html/home/sloss_story. php    

Sloss Furnaces produced iron for nearly 90 years, gave rise to the city of Birmingham. Now recognized as a National Historic Landmark, Sloss Furnaces, with its web of pipes and tall smokestacks, offers a glimpse into the great industrial past of the South and our nation.

US Steel Gary Works Photograph Collection, 1905-1971                   http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/collections/steel/                

Presented by the Indiana University Library Program and the Calumet Regional Archives, the US Steel Gary Works Photograph Collection provides access to more than 2,200 digital images documenting the creation of the world's largest steel mill during the height of America's industrial revolution. While the tour takes Internet users through the building of the U.S. Steel Gary Works, it also depicts the life of the city during this period. Not only is this site a valuable resource for scholars and historians of American history and the Industrial Revolution, it also meets the needs of school teachers and students. The site includes a teacher's guide equipped with lesson plans, learning objectives, and online activities for classroom use for fourth grade, middle school, and high school teachers. In addition, viewers can either perform a basic, advanced, or ID search, or browse this easily navigable site by subject, date, or box.

Youngstown Historical Center of Industry and Labor                        http://www.ohiohistory.org/places/youngst/                   

The Center provides a dramatic overview of the impact of the iron and steel industry on Youngstown and other Mahoning Valley communities. The museum's permanent exhibit, By the Sweat of Their Brow: Forging the Steel Valley, explores labor, immigration and urban history, using videos, artifacts, photographs, and reconstructed scenes.